Extensive agricultural systems have contributed to livelihood subsistence in the Mediterranean basin for centuries as well as playing an important role in shaping the Mediterranean biodiversity. It has contributed to shape landscapes, culture and society through often complex and multidirectional relations. However, the relationship between cultural practices in extensive agricultural systems and biodiversity has not been well studied.
The objective of the study was to explore the relationships and reactions between cultural practices (agriculture, pastoralism, forestry, etc.) and biodiversity in the Mediterranean basin. These practices and cultural links were documented and verified through peer reviewed literature and expert interviews with key local focal points.
Under the Project, WE&B successfully developed/delivered the following services:
• WE&B conducted a combination of structured interviews with experts on the nexus between biodiversity and cultural practices, drawing from 9 case studies in the Mediterranean, alongside a comprehensive literature review. The study revealed that a substantial number of cultural practices related to biodiversity exist across the Mediterranean basin. It identified a clear link between the Practice-Biodiversity Nexus in three key areas: (i) Genes (local livestock breeds and selection of land varieties), (ii) Species, and (iii) Ecosystems.
The study also found the relationships between biodiversity and cultural practices that should be further explored including:
i) Dry Stone Wall Management
ii) Water ditches and semi-permanent ponds
iii) Soil Fertility and soil biodiversity
iv) Governance practices
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